Category: Income Tax

Could you extend Child Benefit claim?

Parents of 16–19-year-olds: confirm your child’s continued education or training by 31 August 2025 to keep Child Benefit payments going. Last year, over 870,000 families updated HMRC, most online. It only takes a few minutes and helps avoid missed payments. If your child is still in approved education, act now to stay on track.

Taxpayers entitled to the child benefit should be aware that HMRC usually stop paying child benefit on the 31 August following a child’s 16th Birthday. Under qualifying circumstances, the child benefit payment can continue until a child reaches their 20th birthday if they stay in approved education or training. This must be confirmed to HMRC, or payments will stop.

Approved education must be full-time, with more than 12 hours per week of supervised study or course-related work experience. Approved education includes A levels, T levels, Scottish Highers, NVQs up to Level 3, home education (if started before 16 or after 16 with special educational needs), study programmes in England, and pre-apprenticeships. The course must be started before the child turns 19.

Child Benefit cannot be claimed if your child is:

• Studying for a university degree or BTEC Higher National Certificate (advanced course).
• On an apprenticeship (unless it’s a Foundation Apprenticeship in Wales).
• Undertaking a course with an employer’s agreement (e.g., to secure a job or gain skills for an existing job).

Approved training should be unpaid and can include:

• Wales: Foundation Apprenticeships, Traineeships, or the Jobs Growth Wales+ scheme.
• Scotland: The No One Left Behind programme.
• Northern Ireland: PEACEPLUS Youth Programme 3.2, Training for Success, or Skills for Life and Work.

Courses that are part of a job contract are not approved.

HMRC sends a letter in your child’s last year at school asking you to confirm their plans. The letters include a QR code which, when scanned, directs them straight to GOV.UK to update their claim quickly and easily online. This can also be done on the HMRC app.

Parents have until 31 August 2025 to tell HMRC that their 16-year-old is continuing their education or training, in order to continue receiving Child Benefit. No child benefit is payable after a young person reaches the age of 20 years.

Child Benefit is paid at a weekly rate of £26.05 for the only or eldest child, and £17.25 for each additional child. However, families where either parent earns over £60,000 a year may be affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge (HICBC). This means they may have to pay back some or all of the benefit through their income tax return. If income exceeds £80,000, the full amount of Child Benefit must be repaid. Families can still choose to receive the benefit and pay the charge or opt out of receiving payments to avoid the charge altogether.

Why filing early makes sense

Filing your 2024-25 Self-Assessment return early means faster refunds, better budgeting, and no deadline stress. Do not delay, start gathering your tax details today.

The 2024–25 tax year officially ended on 5 April 2025, with the new 2025–26 tax year beginning on 6 April 2026. While many taxpayers may be tempted to put off dealing with their self-assessment tax return until later this year, or early next year, there are several compelling reasons why filing early makes sense.

HMRC recently reported that nearly 300,000 people submitted their 2024–25 self-assessment returns during the first week of the new tax year, almost ten months before the 31 January 2026 filing deadline.

Filing early doesn’t mean paying early. However, by preparing and submitting your tax return well in advance, you gain the advantage of knowing exactly what you’ll owe by the 31 January deadline. This can be incredibly helpful for budgeting and avoiding any last-minute financial surprises.

Submitting your return early gives your accountant more time to work through the details without the pressure of a looming deadline. If you are due a tax refund, the sooner your return is filed and processed, the sooner you'll receive your money.

The 31 January 2026 is not just the final date for submission of the 2024-25 self-assessment tax return but also an important date for payment of tax due. This is the final payment deadline for any remaining tax due for the 2024-25 tax year. In addition, the 31 January 2026 is also the usual payment date for any Capital Gains Tax due in relation to the 2024-25 tax year and also the due date for the first payment on account for 2025-26. Note that any CGT due on the sale of a second residential property must be paid within 60 days of the sale, not in the following January.

In summary, filing your tax return early offers a clearer financial picture, helps spread the workload, and ensures you’re not caught out by deadlines. If you are due a refund, there’s no reason to wait as filing early means a quicker refund.

MTD for Income Tax deadline is approaching

MTD for Income Tax starts 6 April 2026 for the self-employed and landlords with £50k+ income. Plan early to stay compliant and avoid disruption.

MTD represents one of the most significant overhauls to the self-assessment regime since its introduction in 1997. This includes new requirements to keep digital records, using MTD-compatible software, and submitting quarterly updates of income and expenses to HMRC.

From April 2026, self-employed individuals and landlords with annual qualifying business or property income over £50,000 will be required to comply with the MTD for Income Tax rules. Qualifying income includes gross income from self-employment and property before any tax allowances or expenses are deducted.

This first rollout of MTD for Income Tax will affect approximately 780,000 taxpayers, with the next stage following in April 2027, extending the rules to those earning between £30,000 and £50,000. A further expansion, announced during the Spring Statement 2025, will apply MTD obligations to those with income over £20,000 from April 2028. The government is still considering the best approach for individuals earning below this lower threshold.

HMRC is asking some eligible taxpayers to sign up to its MTD testing programme on GOV.UK. This provides an opportunity to get comfortable with the new process before it becomes mandatory. Importantly, penalties for late submissions will not apply during the testing phase.

This move follows the rollout of MTD for VAT, which according to an independent report prepared for HMRC has helped over two million businesses improve accuracy and reduce errors.

As the deadline approaches, it is important to start planning in order to ensure a smooth transition to the new way of reporting Income Tax.

Income reporting threshold increased

The £3,000 reporting threshold for trading, property, and other income will simplify tax returns—300,000 people could be freed from filing. A digital alternative is also coming.

As part of the Spring 2025 Tax Update: Simplification, Administration and Reform, the government confirmed changes to the Income Tax Self Assessment (ITSA) reporting thresholds for trading, property, and other taxable income. From a future date within this Parliament, these thresholds will all be aligned and increased to £3,000 (gross) each.

This reform is designed to streamline the tax system and reduce unnecessary reporting. As a result, up to 300,000 taxpayers will no longer be required to submit a self-assessment return if their taxable income falls below the new threshold. Of those affected, an estimated 90,000 individuals will have no tax to pay at all and will not need to report their trading income to HMRC in the future.

For those with income below the threshold who do have tax to pay, a new digital reporting service will be introduced, offering a simpler alternative to self-assessment Taxpayers will also retain the option to remain in self-assessment if they prefer.

The government has said that they will release further details in a transformation roadmap set to be published later this year.

Is income from hobbies taxable?

Not every money-making hobby counts as a business for tax purposes. Knowing when a hobby crosses into trading territory is vital to avoid unexpected tax bills. If your side project is growing, it might be time to check your tax position and stay compliant.

For instance, HMRC manuals provide the example of someone who enjoys repairing cars or selling stamps in their spare time. Whilst this might lead to making what’s known as taxable supplies, that alone does not mean the person is operating a business. It all depends on whether the activity passes the "business test". This is a set of measures that HMRC uses to determine whether there’s a business intention.

Generally, small-scale or infrequent sales from hobbies aren’t considered a business. But in some cases, hobbies can evolve. What starts off as a hobby or side interest might grow over time into something more substantial, and that’s when it could begin to attract tax obligations. In fact, many well-known businesses have started out as hobbies before scaling into full operations.

When deciding whether a hobby has crossed into business territory, it’s also helpful to consider how income tax would apply. The Income Tax Act makes it clear that tax is charged on the profits of any trade, profession, or vocation and there are similar VAT rules.

It is also important to look at any costs that have been incurred and whether these might genuinely relate to a business activity.

Less than a year before MTD for Income Tax starts

MTD for Income Tax kicks off in April 2026 for those earning over £50k. Digital records, quarterly updates, and tougher penalties are on the way. If this affects you, it’s time to get ready.

Designed to modernise the tax system and improve accuracy, MTD will significantly change how Income Tax is reported and paid. With less than a year until the first group of taxpayers must comply, now is the time to prepare.

MTD for Income Tax will become mandatory for self-employed individuals and landlords with annual business or property income exceeding £50,000 from April 2026,. This will require taxpayers to submit quarterly updates to HMRC, maintain digital records, and comply with a new penalty regime for late submissions and payments.

The second phase of implementation will begin in April 2027, extending the requirements to those earning between £30,000 and £50,000. In a further expansion announced during the Spring Statement 2025, MTD obligations will apply to sole traders and landlords with income over £20,000 starting April 2028. The government has also indicated that it is considering the best approach for individuals earning below this threshold.

HMRC is currently contacting taxpayers whose 2023–24 self-assessment returns indicate income near or above the £50,000 threshold. These letters are intended to provide advance notice of upcoming obligations under MTD.

Tax relief for landlords replacing domestic items

Swapped an old fridge or carpet in your rental property? Landlords can claim tax relief on replacing domestic items – but not if it's an upgrade! Know the rules and save money by claiming what you are entitled.

The replacement of domestic items relief allows landlords to claim tax relief when they replace movable furniture, household appliances, and other domestic items in a rental property. This relief is available for various items, including free-standing wardrobes, carpets, curtains, televisions, fridges, and crockery.

The amount of the deduction depends on several factors:

• The cost of the new replacement item, which is limited to the cost of an equivalent item if it represents an improvement over the old one (i.e., beyond the reasonable modern equivalent); plus
• the incidental costs associated with disposing of the old item or acquiring the replacement; minus
• any amounts received from disposing of the old item must be deducted from the total claimable amount.

A key aspect of this relief is distinguishing between a "replacement" and an "improvement." If the new item is deemed an improvement over the old one, the allowable deduction is limited to the cost of purchasing an equivalent item of similar type and function.

HMRC’s internal guidance provides an example highlighting the fact that a brand-new budget washing machine costing circa £200 is not an improvement over a 5-year-old washing machine that cost around £200 at the time of purchase (or slightly less, considering inflation).

If the replacement item is a reasonable modern equivalent, such as replacing an old fridge with a new energy-efficient model, this would not be considered an improvement, and the landlord can claim the full cost of the new item under the relief.

This relief helps landlords offset the costs of maintaining and upgrading rental properties, provided the replacement is for an equivalent item rather than an enhanced or more expensive upgrade.

Child Benefit increases April 2025

Child Benefit has risen for 2025–26: £26.05 for eldest, £17.25 for others. Claim continues to age 20 in approved education. HICBC still applies for incomes over £60K – but PAYE option coming this summer!

The child benefit rates for the only or eldest child in a family increased to £26.05 (from £25.60) for the 2025-26 tax year and the weekly rate for all other children to £17.25 (from £16.95). Child Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks and will automatically be paid into a bank account. There is no limit to how many children parents can claim for.

Taxpayers entitled to the child benefit should be aware that HMRC usually stop paying child benefit on the 31 August following a child’s 16th Birthday. Under qualifying circumstances, the child benefit payment can continue until a child reaches their 20th birthday if they stay in approved education or training. A qualifying young person is someone aged 16,17, 18 or 19 in full time non-advanced education or in approved training.

Any parents with children that remain in approved education or training should contact the child benefit office to ensure they continue receiving the child benefit payments to which they are entitled. No child benefit is payable after a young person reaches the age of 20 years.

Child benefit is usually payable for children who come to the UK. However, there are a number of rules which must be met in order to claim. HMRC must be notified without delay if a child receiving child benefit moves permanently abroad.

The High Income Child Benefit Charge (HICBC) currently applies to taxpayers whose income exceeds £60,000 in a tax year and who are in receipt of child benefit. The HICBC is charged at the rate of 1% of the full child benefit award for each £200 of income between £60,000 and £80,000. For taxpayers with income above £80,000 the amount of the charge will equal the amount of child benefit received.

The HICBC therefore either reduces or removes the financial benefit of receiving child benefit. It was announced as part of the Spring Statement measures that from this summer, families will have the option to report their Child Benefit payments and pay the HICBC directly through their PAYE tax code instead of filing a self-assessment tax return.

Checking your tax code for 2025-26

Do you know what your 2025–26 tax code means? It affects how much tax is taken from your pay or pension. Check now to make sure you're on the right code and not overpaying! Here's what the letters and numbers really mean.

You can find your tax code:

• by checking your tax code for the current year online – you’ll need to sign in to or create an online account
• on the HMRC app
• on your payslip
• on a ‘Tax Code Notice’ letter from HMRC if you get one

The tax codes are updated annually. The basic personal allowance for the 2025-26 tax year is £12,570. The corresponding tax code for an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance 1257L. This is the most common tax code and is used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).

There are a lot of other numbers and letters that can appear in your tax code. For example, there are letters that show where an employee is claiming the marriage allowance (M) or where their income or pension is taxed using the Scottish rates (S). If your tax code numbers are changed this usually means your personal allowance has been reduced.

There are also emergency tax codes (W1 or M1) which can be used if a new employee doesn’t have a P45. These codes mean that an employee’s tax calculation is based only on what they are paid in the current pay period.

If your tax code has a 'K' at the beginning this means that deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than your personal allowance. However, the tax deduction for each pay period can’t be more than half your pre-tax pay or pension.

It is important to check your 2025-26 tax code to ensure the correct information is being used. 
 

Beneficial interests in jointly held property

Couples who jointly own rental property are usually taxed 50:50, even if they own different shares. But if you're married or in a civil partnership, Form 17 lets you split income based on actual ownership—provided you meet HMRC's rules.

The standard tax treatment for couples living together, whether married or in a civil partnership, is that property income held jointly is split 50:50, regardless of the actual ownership proportion.

However, if the ownership is unequal and the couple wishes to have the income taxed in line with their respective shares, they must notify HMRC and provide evidence of the unequal beneficial interests in the property. This is done by submitting Form 17, which declares the beneficial interests in joint property and income.

A Form 17 declaration can only be made by spouses or civil partners living together who own property in unequal shares, with the income allocated in proportion to these shares. Couples who are separated or in other types of relationships are not eligible to submit a Form 17 declaration.

The declaration is only valid if both partners agree. If one partner disagrees, the income will continue to be split 50:50, regardless of the ownership structure.

Once submitted, a Form 17 declaration remains in effect until there is a change in the couple's status, such as separation or divorce, or a change in the ownership structure. If either of these occurs, the 50:50 income split will be reinstated.

There are specific situations in which Form 17 cannot be used, such as when spouses or civil partners own property as beneficial joint tenants, income from shares in a close company or for partnership income.

In cases where property is owned in unequal shares, submitting a Form 17 declaration can offer tax benefits under certain circumstances.